Answer :
The thoracic cavity expands and the diaphragm contracts during inspiration. As a result, the interalveolar pressure is reduced, allowing air to enter the lungs.
Mechanism of ventilation:
- Air is moved through the conducting passages between the atmosphere and the lungs during ventilation, also known as breathing.
- Due to pressure gradients created by the diaphragm and thoracic muscles contracting, air flows through the passages.
Pulmonary ventilation:
- Breathing is the general name for pulmonary ventilation.
- The act of air entering the lungs during inspiration (inhalation) and exiting the lungs during expiration is known as it (exhalation).
- Pressure differences between the atmosphere and the gases in the lungs cause air to flow.
As a result of these three pressures, the lungs are ventilated:
Inspiration
The act of bringing air into the lungs is known as inspiration (inhalation). As a result of the contraction of muscles, it is the active phase of breathing. The thoracic cavity expands and the diaphragm contracts during inspiration. As a result, the interalveolar pressure is reduced, allowing air to enter the lungs. The breath of inspiration fills the lungs.
Expiration
The act of releasing air from the lungs during the breathing cycle is known as expiration (exhalation). The diaphragm relaxing and tissue recoiling elastically cause the thoracic volume to decrease and the interalveolar pressure to rise during expiration. The act of exhaling forces air out of the lungs.
Hence, the interalveolar pressure is reduced, allowing air to enter the lungs.
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